On the 6th May 1641 a Bill was introduced in the House of Commons imposing the signing of a Protestation oath on all Englishmen of 18 years and above. All who refused to sign were deemed unfit to hold office in Church or Commonwealth.
At the end of February or the beginning of March 1641 the Protestation was read out in the parish churches. The parishioners then signed or made their mark in front of the officials present, who testified that the oath had been taken, or refused. Many women took the Protestation Oath. Many Roman Catholics refused.
Below are Grenfell ancestors (and variant spellings) who left their mark or signed the Protestation.
From a transcript by RM Glencross Revised and with additional parishes transcribed by HL Douch.